期刊名称：Researchers World - Journal of Arts Science & Commerce
印刷版ISSN：2229-4686
电子版ISSN：2229-4686
出版年度：2012
卷号：3
期号：2(1)
页码：76-89
出版社：Educational Research Multimedia & Publication
摘要：Microfinance has come to play a major role in many gender and development strategies because of its direct relationship to both poverty alleviation and to the empowerment of women. Women are the most crucial elements of the social fabric and are playing a pivotal role in the socio-economic scenario of Rajasthan. Microfinance programs like the SHGs in India have been promoted for their positive economic impact and the belief that they empower women. Microfinance programs like the SHGs in India have been promoted for their positive economic impact and belief that they empower women. The survey was conducted on around 100 respondents from various SHGs of Udaipur district, Rajasthan and the analysis was done to study the empowerment of women through microfinance. The results strongly demonstrate that on an average, there is a significant increase in women empowerment of the Self Help Groups members. However, social backwardness, indebtedness and presence of other microcredit programs in the same or nearby villages have a significant positive influence on women's participation in this program
关键词：Microfinance; Women empowerment; Self Help Groups; Non Governmental ;Organization; Ordinal variables; Holistic development.; var currentpos;timer; function initialize() { timer=setInterval("scrollwindow()";10);} function sc(){clearInterval(timer); }function scrollwindow() { currentpos=document.body.scrollTop; window.scroll(0;++currentpos); if (currentpos != document.body.scrollTop) sc();} document.onmousedown=scdocument.ondblclick=initialize-Journal of Arts; Science & Commerce ;¡ö;E-ISSN 2229-4686 ;¡ö;ISSN 2231-4172;International Refereed Research Journal ¡ö ;w;w;w;w;w;w;.;.;r;e;e;s;e;a;a;r;c;h;e;e;r;s;w;w;o;r;l;d;.;.;c;o;m;¡ö Vol.¨C III; Issue 2(1); April 2012 [77] ;INTRODUCTION: ;Microfinance program in India is growing rapidly and receiving increasing attention from the financial institutions; ;non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and the Government; as an instrument that can transform lives of the poor. ;Microfinance is considered as a development tool to alleviate poverty in Asian; African and South American ;countries. Microfinance gives quick and tangible results to the poor people; especially women. Microfinance; ;when extended to people; especially women; in rural areas coupled with supporting activities like training; raw ;material supply; marketing of products leads to investment in micro enterprises; women may become ;entrepreneurs; generate main or additional income to the family; poverty is reduced; and development takes ;place and the women get the self confidence to go for enterprising activities with social; economic; and political ;empowerment and with her increased knowledge and awareness; development takes place. When the groups of ;people join as a group and are provided with empowerment leads to social and economic development in a ;holistic and sustainable manner. ;India's development planning has always aimed at removing inequalities in the process of development; ;recognizing that women lag behind due to several socio economic; cultural and political factors and the five ;year plans have been paying attention to women's welfare; female education; and their access to resources and ;empowerment. From the 6;th;five year plan; women were recognized as a separate target group and govt. efforts ;are focused to raise their social; economic and political status at par with men. The field or microfinance made ;significant progress as a movement in our country; with the active support of RBI; NABARD; SIDBI; and ;NGOs microfinance emerged as a giant. The concept of Self Help Groups is not ultimately a micro credit ;projects; but an empowerment process. The Self Help Group and Microfinance are aimed at empowering poor ;women; which help the family to come out of poverty. ;WHAT IS MICROFINANCE. ;Microfinance is the provision of financial services to low income clients who traditionally lack access to ;banking and related services. It helps in reaching out to the vulnerable segments of the society like women; SC; ;ST which are outside the purview of formal institution. It is a form of financial development that has primarily ;focused on alleviating poverty through providing financial services which help poor to take up income ;generating activities and secondly it focuses on women empowerment. ;EMPOWERMENT: ;Empowerment literally means making someone powerful; facilitating the weak to attain strength; enabling ;someone to confront injustice and oppression. Empowerment is a process which makes the powerless to acquire ;and control over power through awareness; capacity building; participation in decision making; acquiring ;information; attaining confidence and self employment. ;SELF HELP GROUPS (SHG): ;SHG is a very good idea and this encourages poor people to save small amounts and use money cautiously in ;emergencies like unexpected health problems; natural calamities etc. They deposit money into bank and they ;get interest for that money. Whenever they take loan they are charged at a very low rate than interest given on ;deposit amount. ;REVIEW OF LITERATURE: ;Albee (1994) studied that economic empowerment projects usually focused on income-generating activities; ;which allow women to independently acquire their income. Income-generating activities encompass a wide ;range of area; such as small business promotion; cooperatives; job creation schemes; sewing circles and credit ;and savings groups. Khandker et al. (1998) reported substitutions from wage employment to self-employment ;in the survey of 29 districts (thanas) in Bangladesh undertaken for the World Bank and the Bangladesh Institute ;of Development Studies (BIDS). They concluded that microfinance as delivered by Grameen Bank; BRAC and ;Rural Development-12 (RD-12) accelerated the shift from wage employment in the informal rural sector to self-;employment among the poor participants. But they added that absence of technological development had ;slowed down the overall increase in production and employment. Pitt and Khandker (1998) studied the impact ;of microfinance on poverty in Bangladesh. The study showed that the poverty rate of BRAC members fell by ;around 15 per cent for moderate poor and 25 per cent for ultra poor. This rate of poverty reduction appeared to ;decline with the duration of membership and with cumulative loan size. Thus; the reduction of level of poverty ;was variable and declined with the passage of time. Mayoux (2000) studied that In order to create more gender
