摘要：Pediatric infant formula (PIF) is of immense importance for the cognitive and psychomotor development of infants and young childrens. Although mother-fed is one of the precious gifts for infants from nature. Hence, world renowned regulatory bodies like World Health Organization (WHO), Health Canada, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of USA, Medicine and Health care Product Regulatory agency (MHRA) of UK strongly recommends breast-feed due to the possibilities of microbial contamination in infant formula. Although PIF is frequently used a number of microbes like Enterobacter sakazakii, Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium difficile, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium botulinum, Citrobacter freundii, and Klebsiella pneumoniae are found in PIF. Among these Enterobacter sakazakii, Salmonella and Clostridium species, Citrobacter freundii, and Bacillus cereus are highly virulent and may cause several life-threating illnesses to neonates and infants like necrotizing enterocolitis, systemic infections, severe diarrheas, and allergies. It is difficult to prepared sterile powdered infant formula. Therefore, the quality of PIF should meet very high quality standard. Moreover, some probiotics like Bifidobacterium and Lactobaccili species are usually added for the beneficiary effect. These probiotics aid in the digestion, stimulate the immune system, and inhibit the growth of pathogens, effective against bacterial induced gastroenteritis, and even recovery from acute diarrhea in children mainly associated by Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Shigella species
