摘要：All constructions, through their foundations, stress (require) the portion (share) of the earth’s surface, on which they are placed, this zone of the earth’s surface being called “foundation soil”, which for keeping in time the functionality and the integrity of the construction, must carry out some technical conditions. After on elaboration of the geotechnical study, all information and dates are systematized as a result of some activities necessary for this study, namely reconnaissance survey, soil research, small scale tests and tests in the field. In the construction industry, of particular importance is infiltrated water that filled much of the groundwater reserves. Groundwater can fill pores permeable soil, constituting a layer aquifer. Due to the possibility of water ingress into the structure foundation landslides which are favored by a large number of factors such as topographical conditions, hydrogeological and hydrological processes altered or rocks, you need to perform before the start of construction, a geotechnical study. There are rare occasions when the landslide can be attributed to a single cause. The soil - ground, a polyphasic and disperse heterogeneous natural body, whose characteristic and complex proprieties must be known in detail for being use both as foundation soil and as material for constructions. These are the reasons that which are the basis of this account which include a complex characterization of natural environment, called with a frequent term, “soil” or “ground”, but which constitute a system composed of the ground proper, water of soil, atmosphere and plant.
