期刊名称：International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences
电子版ISSN：2222-6990
出版年度：2012
卷号：2
期号：7
页码：436-443
出版社：Human Resource Management Academic Research Society
摘要：This study has as its main object to show the effect of categorization of the configurations of play in football. According to Mervis and Rosch (1981), the category is an organization which makes it possible to gather various physical objects or concepts in the same class. This many make us suppose that the elements (i.e., specimens) of the same category have physical features (perceptive) or conceptual (concept) similarities. The main results of this study show, on the one hand, that the experts acquire a rich person repertory of conceptual knowledge by the practice and the experiment and the other hand, through the process of the activity that facilitates the visual data. This operating process of the expert system reduced considerably the space of research. This generally results in an effective and a rapid cognitive performance
关键词：Perceptual Categorization; Expertise Cognitive; Sport ; var currentpos;timer; function initialize() { timer=setInterval("scrollwindow()";10);} function sc(){clearInterval(timer); }function scrollwindow() { currentpos=document.body.scrollTop; window.scroll(0;++currentpos); if (currentpos != document.body.scrollTop) sc();} document.onmousedown=scdocument.ondblclick=initialize;International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences ;July 2012; Vol. 2; No. 7 ;ISSN: 2222-6990 ;437 ;www.hrmars.com/journals ;1. Introduction ;The capacity of human to recognize tens of thousands of objects appearing in rich and complex ;environments is probably one of the more surprising. It remains unmatched by the most ;powerful algorithms developed in artificial vision (Thorpe et al; 1989). Indeed; it appears that ;the perceptual system may acquire very early selective sensitivity to Visual information to ;which it is subject. The perceptual system would be a dynamic system that can adapt to the ;needs and requests of categorization faced by each individual. This effect can be similar to a ;sensory modulation would be function of the categories in which are organized our knowledge ;of the world. ;According to Goldstone & Barsalou (1998); the data obtained in categorical perception and ;perceptual learning allows presuming the existence of a continuum between the perceptual ;and conceptual level. It is important to explain that we are talking about "perceptual ;categories" and not "semantic categories". Semantics includes all of the information that ;describes the nature and function of the information in the environment. The perceptual level ;is only the form of the information. What interests us in this study; it is to show that football ;players of different levels of expertise are also sensitive to forms of game without taking into ;account the semantic characteristics. ;2. Method and Materials ;2.1. Hypothesis ;The task of evocation requires knowledge of a lexical repertoire; characterizing the various ;systems of game; under a conventional type football concept digital (4-3-3; 4-4-2; 3-5-2) or ;directory images; also conventional; when it comes to represent the game in schematic form ;systems. The fact that non-practitioners do fail where can; might simply mean that this ;population does not control these lexicons. If that were the case; including where the practice ;would emerge forms corresponding to the systems; untrained players should be able to ;recognize these forms and classifies them. We offer the following hypothesis: ;If the game systems match productions resulting from practice; then; untrained players should ;be sensitive to the representative's forms. This; to a greater degree than non-observant and to ;a lesser extent than the coaches and the players trained. ;2.2. Participants ;Four populations of 12 participants (coaches (CP); players trained (PT); untrained players and ;non-practitioners (PNT)) participated in the experience:
