期刊名称：MediAzioni : Rivista Online di Studi Interdisciplinari su Lingue e Culture
电子版ISSN：1974-4382
出版年度：2006
期号：2
出版社：Università di Bologna sede di Forlì
摘要：It was in the 1970s that the debate surrounding the logical semantic status of fictional discourse began to develop. The first andmost important contribution to that debate was an article by John Searle, in which the American linguist argued that trueassertions made in serious discourse and fictive assertions made in fictional discourse are similar to the extent that both can beconsidered instances of the speech act of assertion making (Searle, 1975). The logical difference distinguishing historicalwritings from fictional writings according to this thesis lies in the illocutionary intention of the sender. T he only dissimilaritybetween senders making true assertions in historical texts (journalism, biography, autobiography, etc) and senders making fictiveassertions in fictional texts is that the latter pretend to be making assertions, though not with the intention to deceive. T he twosituations also differ from a pragmatic point of view since while in fictional discourse all rules of sincerity are suspended, inhistorical discourse these latter cannot be waived. Thus the pragmatic status of fiction guarantees the (external) sender a certainimmunity which is excluded from the pragmatic statu s of true discourse
