出版社：Suntory Toyota International Centres for Economics and Related Disciplines
摘要：This study uses data from the National Child Development Study to examine how experiences during childhood are linked to a wide variety of outcomes in adulthood. A cluster of childhood experiences (poverty, family disruption, and contact with the police) are given specific attention. One of the main goals is to examine the extent to which social exclusion and disadvantage is transmitted across generations and across the life-course. Three groups of variables are examined separately for men and women, with some innovative approaches to handling the problems of missing data: v ‘focal’ variables, which summarise childhood experience of family disruption, of poverty, and contact with the police. v ‘control’ variables, which summarise childhood background and experiences on: social class of origin, social class during childhood, housing tenure, father’s and mother’s interest in schooling, three personality attributes (‘aggression’, ‘anxiety’, and ‘restlessness’), and educational test scores v adult outcomes by age 33: demographic (early parenthood, extra-marital births, and three or more co-residential partnerships); psychological (malaise); welfare position (social housing, receipt of non-universal benefits, and homelessness); educational qualifications (none, and degreeequivalent); and economic (high and low income, and male unemployment. Preliminary analysis of the focal variables highlights powerful interconnections in experiences by age 16: v 44% of the poorest boys had contact with the police by age 16 (13% for the non-poor). v 47% of children with divorced lone-parents experienced childhood poverty (8% in intact two-parent families. Among the more important findings are: v Frequent life-course and intergenerational continuities in the transmission of social exclusion: ¨ Anxious children experience more malaise as adults ¨ Social housing is more common if parent lived in Local Authority housing ¨ Poor children have lower income as adults
