期刊名称：International Journal of Electronics and Computer Science Engineering
电子版ISSN：2277-1956
出版年度：2012
卷号：1
期号：1
页码：121-129
出版社：Buldanshahr : IJECSE
摘要：In this era of information technology, the need for security has attained paramount importance. As most of our sensitive information is stored in computers the need of data security becomes increasingly important. Protecting this information against unauthorized access is therefore a major concern for both operating systems and users alike. Cryptography is one such method of safeguarding sensitive data from being stolen or intercepted by unwanted third parties. Traditional cryptology is certainly clever, but as with all encoding methods in code-breaking history, it's being phased out. Quantum cryptography uses quantum mechanics to guarantee secure communication. It enables two parties to produce a shared random bit string known only to them, which can be used as a key to encrypt and decrypt messages. By harnessing the unpredictable nature of matter at the quantum level, physicists have figured out a way to exchange information on secret keys. Attaching information to the photons spin is the essence of Quantum Cryptology. In brief, the processes of encoding (cryptography) and decoding (crypto analysis) information or messages (called plaintext) into an otherwise meaningless data (cipher text) combined are cryptology. And when the keys used for this process are photons, it's called Quantum Cryptology
