Sealing of anatomical fissures and pits in freshly erupted teeth is an effective method of caries prevention. It consists in mechanical isolation of clinically healthy tissues from the oral cavity environment with the use of various sealing materials. The procedure of sealing includes the following operations: cleaning of the tooth surface, isolation of the sealed tooth from saliva, etching, flushing and drying of the etched surface, application and hardening of the sealant.

Sealing of permanent molars is of special importance for reduction of caries. This is closely connected to the formation of the occlusal surface and the particular anatomy of the fissures in molar teeth, which is the cause of a lower effectiveness of brushing and limiting of the anticaries effect of saliva and fluoride. Fissure sealing should be considered as an integral element of caries prophylaxis, together with an adequate diet with special stress on reduction and rational consumption of saccharides, endogenic and exogenic fluoridation, proper hygiene of the oral cavity and regular control visits.

Many years’ studies show that the frequency and intensity of permanent molar teeth at the developmental age reach high values. Because of the effectiveness of other prophylactic methods for the masticatory surfaces of these teeth is low, it is necessary to promote the sealing among parents, paediatricians and family physicians. Sealing procedures, regardless of the age of a patient, should be fully refunded and be given a due place in the programmes of caries prophylaxis in children and youth.