摘要：Human visual system is composed of visual receptors, optic nerve, and visual center. The critical mechanism transforming photons into nerve impulses is performed by the retinal photoreceptors, including cone, rod, and newly discovered ipRGC, which play visual and non-visual roles, respectively. Based on this theory of retinal photoreceptors, some visual diseases and non-visual biological effects could be explained and applied in practice. Both visual and biological effects should be taken into consideration for the light environment design to gain a healthy daily life.
