This paper proposes a schematic approach to analyzing Charlie Parker’s improvisations on the twelve-bar blues. Schemata are pre-learned, recurring solutions to the problems of high-speed improvisation. Phrasing schemata solve the meter problem: they are templates for the chorus-level organization of phrases. Parker employs five phrasing schemata, each of which organizes the blues’ twelve measures differently. Melodic schemata solve the harmony problem: they are stepwise paths that Parker follows in the two different “Zones” of the blues’ harmonic structure. Drawing on a small repertory of versatile schemata in both domains, Parker can compose intricate, varied melodies in the act of performance. After presenting the schemata, the paper concludes with a schematic analysis of a three-chorus solo.