期刊名称：International Journal of Educational Research and Technology
印刷版ISSN：0976-4089
出版年度：2013
卷号：4
期号：3
页码：56-72
出版社：Society of Education
摘要：This study attempted to investigate the theory and practice of leadership and management in selected schools in Beirut, Lebanon. The study was quantitative in nature an employed two surveys: one for teachers and another for principals. 110 schools were involved such that 53 were public and 57 were private. In each school the principal along with 4 teachers responded to the research questionnaires. Thus a total of 550 participants were involved: 110 school principals and 440 teachers. Data was analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Descriptive statistics were used to describe and summarize the properties of the mass of data collected from the respondents. Means scores, standard deviations and percentages were calculated per eachitem of the survey instrument. Cross-tabs and t-tests were also employed. Results indicated that concepts of leadership and managementwere not clear enough neither to public, nor to private school principals. Moreover, leadership practice was neglected, limited, and marginalized in almost schools involved. The study offers recommendations for research and practice
关键词：leader; leadership; manager; management;school principals; school improvement
