摘要：Privatizacija u Saveznoj Republici Jugoslaviji i Republici Makedoniji nije nova tema. Promena vlasništva u obe zemlje predstavlja osnovu za suštinsku transformaciju privrede. Ali svojinska transformacija nije pitanje formule, već pristupa. Teško je utvrditi koji je to optimalni model svojinske transformacije. Ali, jasni svojinski odnosi, zaštita svojine i poštovanje ugovora su karakteristike koje dovode do veće aktivnosti stranih i domaćih investitora. Za ostvarenje strukturnih tržišnih reformi neophodne su dve osnovne mere. Prva je promena u svojinskoj strukturi, odnosno privatizacija. Bez privatizacije nije moguće kreirati tržišnu ekonomiju u kojoj preduzećima nije potrebna asistencija države, ni stvarnu i potpunu transformaciju preduzeća. Konačno, bez transformacije preduzeća privrede Jugoslavije i Makedonije se ne mogu takmičiti na međunarodnom tržištu, i ostaju zatvorene i neproduktivne, što vodi ekonomskoj zaostalosti i umanjenju životnog standarda. Druga je kompletna promena u filozofskom shvatanju ekonomije koje je prisutno u načinu rada vlada obe zemlje. Vlade moraju prestati da se ponašaju kao konkurenti preduzećima i da svoje kompetencije usmere na usvajanje pravne regulative. Zakon o svojinskoj transformaciji Republike Srbije, savezni Zakon o preduzećima i Zakon o osnovama promene vlasništva društvenog kapitala, kao i Zakon o transformaciji preduzeća sa društvenim kapitalom u Republici Makedoniji čine osnov privrednih reformi u ovim zemljama. Uporednim posmatranjem se sagledavaju sličnosti privredne situacije u kojoj se ove balkanske države nalaze, i mogućnosti njihove saradnje kao jednog od načina pokretanja privrednog razvoja u ovoj geografskoj oblasti.
其他摘要：Privatization in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the Republic of Macedonia is not a new issue. Property transformation in both countries is a basis for an essential transformation of their economy. However, property transformation is not a question of any formula, but rather a question of approach. It is hard to determine which model of property transformation is optimal. Nevertheless, clear property relations, protection of property and obedience of contracts are the characteristics which upturn the activities of both foreign and domestic investors. Two fundamental measures are essential for the accomplishment of structural market reforms. The first involves a change of the property structure, i. e. privatization. Market economy in which enterprises need no assistance of the state cannot possibly be created without privatization, which also applies to the attainment of a true and complete transformation of enterprises. Finally, without a appropriate transformation of enterprises, the Yugoslav and Macedonian economies cannot compete on the international market, which leads them to isolation and unproductivity, and consequently to economic backwardness as well as to the decline of living standards. The second involves a complete change in the philosophical apprehension of economy present in the operating patterns of both countries. Their governments must stop behaving as competitors to enterprises and must orient their authority towards the adoption of legal regulatory rules. The Law of Property Transformation of the Republic of Serbia, the Federal Law of Enterprises and the Law of Basic Property Transformation of Socially-Owned Capital, as well as the Law of Transformation of Enterprises with Socially-Owned Capital in the Republic of Macedonia serve as a basis for economical reforms in these countries. A comparative insight into the matter provides grounds to perceive the similarities between the economic situations of the said Balkan countries, as well as the possibilities for their cooperation as one of the ways to trigger the economic development in this geographical region
关键词：svojinska struktura; transformacija preduzeća; svojinska transformacija; tržišna reforma; svojinska struktura
其他关键词：property structure; transformation of enterprises; property transformation; market reform
