摘要：In this paper, we explore the resilience and vulnerability of livelihoods within two differentsocial-ecological dryland contexts of Botswana over the last 30 years. We drew on primary field datasources, including oral histories, livelihood surveys, ecological surveys, as well as documented evidenceof environmental, socioeconomic, and institutional dynamics to identify a broad range of activities thatcombine to create a range of different household livelihood outcomes. We used this information as a startingpoint to assess the ways in which livelihoods have changed over time, and evaluated whether they havebecome more resilient or more vulnerable, and considered the factors that have contributed to theseoutcomes. In the context of dynamic dryland social-ecological systems, we applied a livelihood trajectoryapproach to explore the shocks and stresses that affect livelihoods and to elucidate the characteristics oflivelihood strategies that contribute to increased resilience or vulnerability. We used a vulnerabilityframework as a means of framing discussion about vulnerability and resilience and as a means of identifyingbroader insights. The research identified "accumulator", "diversifier", and "dependent" households and theways in which they move between these categories. More resilient livelihood trajectories can be achievedif the important role of formal and informal institutions is recognized
