摘要：Most people in forest and rural areas manage trees as part of their livelihood systems. The resulting "domestic"or "rural" forests are distinct from conventional forest. They have historically been overlooked by the forestry sector and impactedby forest policies and regulatory frameworks. These forests presently encounter requalification and valuation dynamics, fueledby a sustainable development ideology, and induced by both public powers and local communities. These dynamics move intwo different directions: the naturalization of rural forests by policy makers, and their politization by rural people. We draw onlong-term research experiences in France, Morocco, Southeast Asia, and Africa on forests managed by "farmers", among whichsome are analyzed in the Ecology and Society Feature, Public policies and management of rural forests: lasting alliance orfool's dialogue.. We first elaborate on domestication, analyzed at tree, ecosystems and landscape levels, as a concept allowingfor a better understanding of the specific relationships developed between rural people and forests. We then engage in a criticalreview of how forest-related and sustainable development policies consider rural forests, and discuss how they address (or donot address) their specificity and encourage (or do not encourage) their development
关键词：domestication; forestry regulations; local forest management; patrimony; political ecology; public policies;resilience
