摘要：Although scholars of social-ecological resilience propose unity between humans and the natural world, much ofthis work remains based on Cartesian division of mind and body that denies it. We present an example of a unified system ofresilience thinking shared with us by Anishinaabe (Ojibway) elders of Pikangikum First Nation, northwestern Ontario. Theelders' views of boreal forest disturbance and renewal are distinct from western scientific approaches in their recognition ofagency, the ability to individually express free will in nonhuman beings including animals, plants, rocks, and forest fire withintheir landscape. Pikangikum elders perceive that, if relationships based on respect, reciprocity, and noninterference are maintainedwith other agents, renewal will continue. The proposition of living landscapes composed of diverse nonhuman agents poseschallenges to collaboration with western worldviews, which view nature largely as mechanistic and without moral standing. Wesuggest that a greater attention to nonwestern ontologies can contribute to productive cross-cultural partnerships directed towardfostering resilience
关键词：agency; Anishinaabe; other-than-human persons; Pikangikum First Nation; resilience; social-ecological system
