摘要：Paleoclimate reconstruction is essen-tial for understanding past climate variability and its driving mechanisms within the global climate system. From the abundant historical documents pre-served in Japan, unique climate recon-structions have been developed using qualitative meteorological information contained in them. Additionally, docu-ments with instrumental meteorological data collected before 1872, when offi-cial meteorological observations began, were recently discovered and prepared for scientific analysis. Such approaches to reconstructing past climates are in-cluded in the field of historical climatol-ogy. In this article, the characteristics of these proxy and instrumental data from documentary sources are introduced and reconstructed climatic variations in and around Japan are described
