期刊名称：Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
印刷版ISSN：1232-1966
电子版ISSN：1898-2263
出版年度：2013
卷号：20
期号：2
页码：222-232
出版社：Institute of Agricultural Medicine in Lublin
摘要：Q.fever is an infec tious disease of humans and animals caused by Gram-negative coccobacillus Coxiella.burnetii, belonging to the Legionellales order, Coxiellaceae family. The presented study compares selected features of the bacteria genome, including chromosome and plasmids QpH1, QpRS, QpDG and QpDV. The pathom echanism of infec tion – starting from internalization of the bacteria to its release from infected cell are thoroughly described. The drugs of choice for the treatment of acute Q.fever are tetrac yclines, macrolides and quinolones. Some other antimicrobials are also ac tive against C..burnetii, namely, telitromycines and tigec yclines (glicylc ycline). Q-VAX vaccine induces strong and long-term immunity in humans. Coxevac vaccine for goat and sheep can reduce the number of infections and abortions, as well as decrease the environmental transmission of the pathogen. Using the microarrays technique, about 50 proteins has been identified which could be used in the future for the production of vaccine against Q.fever. The routine method of C..burnetii culture is proliferation within cell lines; however, an artificial culture medium has recently been developed. The growth of bacteria in a reduced oxygen (2.5%) atmosphere was obtained af ter just 6 days. In serology, using the IF method as positive titers, the IgM antibody level >1:64 and IgG antibody level >1:256 (against II phase antigens) has been considered. In molecular diagnostics of C..burnetii infection, the most frequently used method is PCR and its modifications; namely, nested PCR and real time PCR which detect target sequences, such as htpAB and I S 1111, chromosome genes (co m1), genes specific for different types of plasmids and transposase genes. Although Q.fever was diagnosed in Poland in 1956, the data about the occurrence of the disease are incomplete. Comprehensive studies on the current status of Q.fever in Poland, with special focus on pathogen reservoirs and vec tors, the sources of infection and molecular charac teristics of bacteria should be conduc ted
关键词：Coxiella burnetii; intracellular parasite; htpAB; I S 1111 genes; bioterrorism; epidemiology
