期刊名称：Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
印刷版ISSN：1232-1966
电子版ISSN：1898-2263
出版年度：2013
卷号：20
期号：3
页码：539-543
出版社：Institute of Agricultural Medicine in Lublin
摘要：Introduction: New opportunities in the labour market, competition in services and globalization have contributed to the increase in load factors in the psychosocial work environment. Availability, readiness to help, work with the sick, the suffering patient – night shifts, overtime, workaholic (as a new form of addiction), and bullying – are becoming more pronounced causes of stress, fatigue and burnout in medicine. Thus, difficult working conditions are largely the cause of unhealthy lifestyles in the medical professions and foster the development of various types of addiction and physical illness. The negative effec ts of psychosocial factors – in the form of immune disorders, increased incidence of mental and somatic diseases, and metabolic and hormonal disorders – more of ten cause increase absence through sickness and the shortening of working life. Objective: The main aim of the presented study was to provide results concerning the health state of employees of the Poznan University of Medical Sciences (PUMS), and also to analyze relations between selected psychosocial risks fac tors and the state of health of PUMS employees. Material and methods: The results of research conducted in 2009–2010 which covered 2,468 employees of the PUMS and the results of studies using an anonymous own questionnaire survey, evaluating exposure to psychosocial factors, which included the 1,096th members of staff of the PUMS. Results: There was a clear effec t of psychosocial risk factors for health workers. The greatest burden of these factors was observed among workers with higher education, mostly doc tors. This occupational group also worked in several places of work more often than other employees of the university. These workers of ten complained of chronic fatigue, recurrent respiratory infections, hypertension, sleep disorders, neurotic disorders and depression. The complaints quite often diagnosed were immune disease, allergies, skin diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, and disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, which clearly intensified under stress. The clearest negative impact of psychosocial factors on the health of the workers were observed in those a with higher education, employed at several jobs, and complained about poor work organization. Conclusions: 1) It is necessary to implement prevention programs for the staff of the PUMS, aimed at the primary and secondary negative impact of psychosocial factors. 2) Psychological counseling is advisable for employees. 3) It is essential that the issue of voice training, and interpersonal communication techniques to teach and control the schedule of classes, in order to reduce the workload, and encourage physical ac tivity and other forms of relaxation. 4) It is advisable to periodically check on the work conditions and organization of work to help eliminate stressors in the work environment
关键词：occupational hazards; psychosocial factors; stress; medical university
