This paper has its roots in what will be the principles of sustainable development as defined by specialized literature, extrapolated to the realities of the Romanian mountain area.Our country and consequently the mountain area, occupying a third of the national territory, characterized by constraints generated by natural factors, went through some transformations at environmental, economic and social levels.These changes were also generated by the financial instruments of the Common Agricultural Policy in the pre-accession period and also during the current period 2007 - 2013, when Romania became a member of the EU.We may be at a time of reflections, when we should see where we are going.