摘要：The article is devoted to terms of political attitudes of Russia and Golden Horde in Middle Ages. The idea is defended, that an overall objective of military campaigns of the Mongolian conquerors were trading ways. It is proved on the basis of anthropological data, that the center of Golden Horde long time was Southern Urals Mountains. Golden Horde hardly could keep the western boundaries by the end of XIII century because of geographical remoteness of the military-political center.
关键词：the Mongolian conqueror;Golden Horde; Russia; anthropology of Russian;people; anthropology of Turkic people and;Mongols.
