摘要：This report describes a measles outbreak in a rural town in south-east Queensland and presents the results of avaccine effectiveness (VE) study performed during this outbreak. It is important to assess the effe ctiveness of avaccine in an outbreak to determine if the outbreak is due to failure of the vaccine or failure to vaccinate. Therewere 44 cases of measles amongst local residents, which represents a notification rate of 396.7 per 100,000population. Case investigations identified a group of people who had been exposed to measles at a seminar. Theattack rate for the seminar cohort was 18% (11/61). This presented an opportunity to conduct a VE study usingdata about children aged less than 16 years who attended the seminar. In this cohort of 23 attendees, all 7 childrenwho had not received any measles vaccinations became cases whilst the 6 who were fully vaccinated for their ageaccording to NHMRC guidelines were protected from measles illness. Although there were insufficient fullyvaccinated cohort members to reliably estimate VE for this group, the vaccine was 84.6% (95% CI: 15.0-99.7%)effective for those who had received at least one validated dose of vaccine. Despite the sample size limitations, theresults support the view that failure to vaccinate rather than vaccine failure contributed to the high infection rate in the seminar cohort
