摘要：The Australian Mycobacterium Reference Laboratory Network collected and analysed laboratory data on new cases of disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in the year 2003. A total of 784 cases were identifi ed by bacteriology, representing an annual reporting rate of 3.9 cases of laboratory confi rmed tuberculosis per 100,000 population. The most commonly encountered culture-positive specimens were sputum (n=351), lymph node (n=176) and from bronchoscopy (n=97). Smears containing acid fast bacilli were present in sputum (53.0%), bronchoscopy (32.0%) and lymph node (23.3%). Five children (female n=3, male n=2) under 10 years of age had bacteriologically confi rmed tuberculosis. Eighty isolates of M. tuberculosis and one of Mycobacterium africanum (10.3%) were resistant to at least one of the standard anti-tuberculosis agents. Mono-resistance to isoniazid, etham-butol, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide was detected in 45, three, two, and one isolates respectively. Multidrug-resistance (MDRTB) defi ned as resistance to both isoniazid and rifampcin was observed in seven (0.9%) isolates. Of the seven MDRTB isolates, six were from the respiratory tract and four were from smear positive specimens. Of the 81 patients with drug resistant isolates, 78 (96.3%) were classifi ed as having initial resistance; two had acquired resistance and no information was available for one isolate; fi ve were Australian-born; and 76 (93.8%) had migrated from a total of 30 countries.
关键词：Myc obacterium tuberculosis; ;Mycobacterium bovis; laborator y diagnosis; tuberculosis; drug ;resistance; nucleic acid amplifi cation test
