摘要：This study aimed to discriminate red wines
obtained from organic and biodynamic management by means of proton nuclear
magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and metabonomic investigation. Red wines
were produced from Sangiovese grapes over the three harvests 2010-2012 from two
parcels of a vineyard, managed according to organic (ORG) or
biodynamic (BIO) protocol, respectively. Every year the vinifications were
performed with commercial selected yeasts (CSY) according to the organic
protocol. Moreover, in 2012, CSY vinification was flanked by a spontaneous
vinification (SPO) carried out by
microorganisms naturally present on the grapes. To gain information about the
effects of production year, vineyard management, vinification protocol and
vines site in the field on the wine characteristics, proton nuclear magnetic
resonance spectra were registered by means of a spectrometer operating at 600
MHz and multivariate analysis was
carried out. Production year and vinification protocol were found to be the
factors affecting most the characteristics of wine metabolome.
Vineyard management seemed to have more limited consequences on the wine
composition, with effects on some aminoacids (proline, aspartic acid and
valine), alcohols and some polyphenols. The latter observation could not be
considered as certain, as vines site in the field acted, in this respect, as a
confounding element.
