摘要：Accidents
involving industrial radiography are the most frequent cause of severe or fatal
overexposure to workers and the public. On May 5, 2000, a radiation accident happened at a
construction site in a gamma radiography practice at the village of Meet
Halfa-Egypt. The accident was a severe overdose of non-radiation workers due to
external exposure of Ir-192. This paper provides a methodology for calculating
doses and dose rates from the most commonly used industrial γ-sources: 192Ir, 60Co, 134Cs, 137Cs and 131I. For this purpose, MCNP computer code based on Monte Carlo
technique is used. The applied method helps firstly in studying and analyzing
the doses from the above mentioned sources. Secondly, it provides a lead
container design in a trial to reduce the dose rate within the permissible.
Computer models were used to simulate the 192Ir Meet Halfa accident.
To verify these models, the calculated doses were compared with a well-known empirical formula to convert source
activity into dose rate and then the models were applied at different distances
to analyze the factors that affect the deposited dose in the human body to find
out the dose received by the victims.
关键词：Radiation Accidents; Sources Used in Industry; Dose Assessment
