摘要：Background: The teaching of the sensitive examinations—i.e. that of the female breast, female
pelvis, female and male rectum and male genitalia—is a challenging part of the
undergraduate curriculum. There are no studies to date detailing how national
and international medical schools teach all of these examinations. Purposes: This
research sought to document the teaching strategies used by national and international
medical schools regarding the sensitive examinations. Methods: The sensitive
examinations surveyed are the: 1) Female breast; 2) Female pelvis; 3) Male
genitalia; 4) Female and male rectum. The term “female sensitive examinations”
is used to refer to female breast and female pelvis examinations. This was a
questionnaire study, which polled national New Zealand medical schools as
well as international medical schools. Questions included: a) sensitive
examination teaching method; b) stress reduction strategies; c) perceived graduating
student confidence. Results: A total of 104 medical schools participated in
this survey in 2010. Artificial manikin usage was the most common technique
utilized for each sensitive examination (60% of all schools, 95% CI 55%-65%),
whether as the sole teaching method or in combination with other methods. The
next most common technique was teaching
associates (49% of schools, 95% CI 44%-54%). The female breast and
pelvis sensitive examinations used the teaching associate program more frequently
than the male genital examination and female and male rectal examination.
Regardless of teaching method, most schools believed their graduating students
were confident. Stress management teaching was used in most schools, in
conjunction with teaching associate sessions. Conclusion: Manikins were the
most commonly used teaching component of a teaching programme on sensitive
examinations. Irrespective of teaching method, most schools believed their
students were confident upon graduation.
