摘要：It is increasingly obvious that agriculture is a source of accumulation, especially iin less developed countries. However, disagreements arise when agricultural accumulation is invested: should it be invested back into agriculture or into some non-agricultural activity. At the begining of her postwar socialist development Yugoslavia, an agricultural and peasant country, had to turn to industry which means that agricultural accumulation had to be turned towards industrial development. Noneconomic ways were used to draw accumulation out of the private agricultural sector (the dominant one). Regardless of its characteristics of »economic Machiavellism«, the author considers this process a positive one but asks himself whether this kind of strategy and political development should have lasted so long. The selection of the specific mechanisms of appropriating and directing agricultural accumulation is a different methodological problem and is not only a matter of economics, but of politics, as well. The author also questions the economic status of agricultural accumulation. Today agriculture has lost its position of the main source of accumulation. But, is accumulation still leaving agriculture or has the »return of the debt« to agriculture begun, which means that some other accumulation is now being directed towards agriculture?
