摘要：iN4iY subject, "The Contributions of Surgeons to Upper Canada," imposes upon me, as a primary duty, making clear to you just what is meant by Upper Canada. Great Britain took over from France, by the Treaty of Paris of 1763, all of Canada and all of the territorial claims of France in North America east of the Mississippi. Canada then consisted of what we now know as Quebec and the Maritime provinces. Its western boundary was a vague line somewhere west of the Lake of the Woods. This acquisition by Great Britain was arrived at by force of arms. A second Anglo-Saxon invasion, this time a peaceful penetration, followed the American Revolution. Many citizens of the new republic wishing to remain within the Empire, others because they disagreed with the radicals responsible for the revolution, left for England, Bermuda, Florida, and Canada. Some ten thousand of these United Empire Loyalists went to the wilds west of Montreal, an area which, since the lands to the east of Montreal were known as Canada, soon was named Upper Canada. What had been called Canada in due course came, therefore, to be called Lower Canada. It has been estimated that, by 1795, there were some thirty thousand people of Loyalist stock in Upper Canada.
