摘要：The role of foreign direct investment as a complement or substitute to foreign trade continues to bedebated in regard to the food processing industry. This study extends earlier work to demonstratethat FDI and trade depend on the stage and the similarities of the economic development of the hostcountries, as macroeconomic factors--such as exchange rate fluctuations and income growth-- actdifferently in developing vs. developed countries, and exporting vs. importing countries.
