摘要：This article attempts to measure the impact of India'slimited liberalization on the seed industry and on farmers. Using aunique data set on the structure, research, and sales of private seed firmsat two points in time, 1987 and 1995, we provide evidence thatliberalization increased the competitiveness of the seed industry, andincreased the amount of research by Indian and foreign seed firms.Then, using government district level data and data collected from thesefirms, we show that private hybrids increased farmers' yields. Thissuggests that Indian farmers are the true beneficiaries of liberalizationand that policies that encourage more competition and more researchwill provide future benefits to farmers.
