期刊名称：Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology
印刷版ISSN：2042-4868
电子版ISSN：2042-4876
出版年度：2014
卷号：6
期号：3
页码：383-388
出版社：MAXWELL Science Publication
摘要：We developed a model that couples canopy stomatal conductance, transpiration and canopy Water Use Efficiency (WUE) in an apple orchard (Malus pumila Mill. 'Fuji'). The model used the Penman-Monteith equation to compute effects of the interaction between canopy transpiration rate (Tr) and microclimatic factors. For convenience, WUE was expressed as the ratio of photosynthesis to transpiration rate; we simulated the relationship between WUE and microclimatic factors. Models developed were tested against observational data from an apple orchard (latitude 40° 13' N, longitude 116° 13′ E, altitude 79 m). The models and parameters well simulated Tr and WUE in apple trees. The mathematical simulation showed strong interactions among various microclimatic factors and indicated that transpiration was driven mainly by Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) and stomatal conductance. During the course of 1 day, transpiration increased (decreased) as net radiation and stomatal conductance increased (decreased). Maximum transpiration rates of experimental trees (leaf area index, LAI = 2.53) were about 8 mmol/m2/s on clear days and about 3 mmol/m2/s on cloudy days. Over 24 h, an apple tree (leaf area = 37.95 m-2 ) lost 50 to 70 L of water in clear weather and about 15 L in cloudy weather. On clear days, the peak of WUE was reached early after sunrise; it then decreased to a stable level maintained through most of the day until falling to zero at sunset.
关键词：Apple ; canopy ; model ; PAR ; transpiration ; water use efficiency ;
