摘要：Many researchers have noted that not only natural ecosystems but also landscapes actively modified by humans (engineered or designed ecosystems) can significantly impact the level of ecosystem goods and service available thereby impacting on human and social welfare. In New Zealand, agriculture land is the largest area of engineered ecosystems on the national landscape. Study of the economic value of ecosystem services delivered by agricultural lands thus provides important insights into the management of engineered or designed ecosystems. This paper estimates values of ecosystem services, such as climate regulation, waste treatment, soil retention and scenic views, from land used for New Zealand’s arable farming, using the contingent valuation method (CVM) and choice modeling.
