摘要：This paper discusses land occupation and natural resources utilization, and analyses the forest conservation paradox (desire/barriers) experienced by small farmers of Alto Moju region, in the Amazon. This paradox is marked by a lack of land tenure regularization, the role of timber as a tradable asset saved for hard times, and low level of organization amongst local families. To proceed with the analysis, the authors used qualitative research methods (semi-directive interviews and participant observation), which favored the farmers’ representations regarding the use of natural resources and the social reproduction of families. From examining the land occupation history and the zoning with key actors, the authors conclude that the social reproduction of families in the Alto Moju is at risk, primarily caused by pressure for timber, lack of basic social services and of legal land access. Community Forest Management is seen as a good alternative to conservation and income generation for local communities. However, its implementation is hindered by barriers which are discussed in this paper.
