关键词:antidiscrimination; discrimination; affirmative action; Brown v. Board of Education; Plessy v. Ferguson; Civil Rights; Civil Rights Act; Voting Rights Act; Discrimination; Civil War; Civil War Amendments; Federal Rules of Civil Procedure; Equal Protection; Equal Protection Clause; Roberts; Supreme Court; Fisher v. University of Texas; Employment; Consumer Claims; Procedural Restrictions; Federal Arbitration Act; Arbitration; Title VII; Class Action Claims; Class Actions; Rule 56; Summary Judgment; Pleading Standard; Ashcroft v. Iqbal; Rule 23; Wal-Mart v. Dukes; Rule 23(b)(2); Rule 23(b)(3); Fourteenth Amendment; Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School District No. 1; Ricci v. DeStefano; Teamsters; Hazelwood School District; Bazemore; Wal-Mart; Disparate; Impact; Discrimination; Higher Education; Grutter v. Bollinger; Regents of University of California v. Bakke; Fisher; Schools; Race