In this text I will try to explain the theoretical specificity of critique of political economy. I will primarily found my arguments on the texts of Michael Hein- rich and John Milios. To this I will firstly scatch the theoretical context of economic theories that exited at the time of emergence of critique of political economy. Than, I will present main differences in approach that we can find in Marx’s Capital with repsect to the concepts that are utilised and questions that he tries to answer. In the end I will present the directions of development of the critique of political economy that are realted to this basic insight.