期刊名称：International Journal of Image, Graphics and Signal Processing
印刷版ISSN：2074-9074
电子版ISSN：2074-9082
出版年度：2014
卷号：6
期号：3
页码：1-11
DOI：10.5815/ijigsp.2014.03.01
出版社：MECS Publisher
摘要：Many of the adaptive watermarking schemes reported in the literature consider only local audio signal properties. Many schemes require complex computation along with manual parameter settings. In this paper, we propose a novel, fuzzy, adaptive audio watermarking algorithm based on both global and local audio signal properties. The algorithm performs well for dynamic range of audio signals without requiring manual initial parameter selection. Here, mean value of energy (MVE) and variance of spectral flux (VSF) of a given audio signal constitutes global components, while the energy of each audio frame acts as local component. The Quantization Index Modulation (QIM) step size Δ is made adaptive to both the global and local features. The global component automates the initial selection of Δ using the fuzzy inference system while the local component controls the variation in it based on the energy of individual audio frame. Hence Δ adaptively controls the strength of watermark to meet both the robustness and inaudibility requirements, making the system independent of audio nature. Experimental results reveal that our adaptive scheme outperforms other fixed step sized QIM schemes and adaptive schemes and is highly robust against general attacks.
关键词：Discrete Cosine Transform;Spectral Flux;Adaptive Audio Watermarking;
Quantized Index Modulation;Fuzzy Inference
