Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) is a safe and effective procedure commonly performed to remove renal stones. Although PNL is associated with low morbidity, unexpected complications may occur. We describe here a 44-year-old male patient with recurrent renal stones who experienced a renal rupture and massive bleeding following PNL. Left nephrectomy and intensive treatment did not improve the patient's condition, and he died 14 days later as a result of multi-organ failure.