To report a case of bilateral papilledema and visual field defect in pediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

The 5-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital, complaining of headache and vomiting of 3 weeks duration. After admission, she complained of diplopia. The uncorrected visual acuity was 0.3 in the right eye and 0.8 in the left. An alternative prism cover test showed approximately 35 PD esotropia, with a -2 abduction limitation of both eyes. Fundus examination showed bilateral papilledema and peripapillary retinal hemorrhages. No abnormality was found in the MRI and CT, symptoms of headache, vomiting, bilateral papilledema, and esotropia with normal neurologic examination. Therefore, she was diagnosed with pediatric idiopathic intracranial hypertension. In Humphrey visual field test, MD was -14.15 dB in right and -16.58 dB in the left eye. Also, the general sensitivity of visual field decreased. Acetazolamide (Diamox®) was given orally for 30 days. Forty-four days after the initial visit, peripapillary retinal hemorrhages and vessel tortuosity decreased. Furthermore, visual acuity improved to 1.0 in the right eye and 0.9 in the left. The esotropia reduced to 5 PD, and MD improved to -4.83 dB in the right eye and -5.24 dB in the left.