To evaluate the pattern VEP in adult amblyopic patients seen in consultation for ophthalmic evaluation as a past of physical examinations for conscription.

We retrospectively analyzed, 67 men, 20-year-old or older, who had pattern VEP done for the diagnosis of amblyopia from January 2004 to May 2009. P100 latency and P100 amplitude were analyzed.

Thirteen patients were non-amblyopic, and 54 patients had amblyopia. Binocular amblyopia and monocular amblyopia were found in 23 and 31 patients, respectively. In the binocular amblyopic patients, four patients were hyperopic, seven patients were myopic, and 12 patients were astigmatic amblyopia. In the monocular amblyopic patients, 15 patients were anisometropic, 12 patients were strabismic, and four patients had organic amblyopia. The value of P100 latency and P100 amplitude were statistically significantly different between non-amblyopic and amblyopic eyes, with check size of 32×32. However, the types of amblyopia among the patients were not different at a statistically significant level. Visual acuity and P100 amplitude were significantly positively correlated.

VEP might be a useful tool for diagnosis of adult amblyopia, especially using a 32×32 check size. This tool may impart the ability to decide relationship between amblyopia and visual acuity by analyzing P100 latency and amplitude values.