The peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFL) was measured in normal children using optical coherence tomography (OCT), and the effect of various factors on the RNFL thickness was examined.

From April 2006 to January 2007, the RNFL thickness of 74 normal children (148 eyes) between the ages of 4 and 17 years old was measured by OCT, and the effect of factors such as age, gender, refractive error, C/D ratios, cooperation, and laterality on the peripapillary RNFL thickness was analyzed.

The mean age of the patients was 10.2 years (4~17 years), and the mean peripapillary RNFL thickness was 106.3±12.8 µm. As to the thickness of the different peripapillary locations, the superior side was thickest (135.3±20.6 µm), followed in order by the inferior side (130.9±23.0 µm), the temporal side (86.3±18.9 µm), and the nasal side (71.9±20.8 µm). The refractive error was correlated positively with RNFL thickness (r=0.277, p=0.001), and age correlated negatively with RNFL thickness (r=-0.194, p=0.018).

RNFL thickness in normal children increases as the refractive error becomes hyperopic and decreases with age. The data about RNFL thickness of normal children obtained in this study may provide useful information for an early diagnosis of pediatric neuroophthalmologic disease and for monitoring its progression.