To evaluate the 2 year safety and efficacy of intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide in macular edema associated with diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion.

Medical records of patients who underwent an intravitreal injection of 4 milligrams of triamcinolone acetonide for macular edema due to diabetic retinopathy and retinal vein occlusion from September 2002 to March 2004 were reviewed retrospectively. Out of 108 eyes, 50 eyes, which allowed for continuous follow-up, were chosen. The measured results included visual acuity (ETDRS), macular thickness (OCT), intraocular pressure, formation or progression of cataract, and additional intervention.

Out of 50 eyes, 17 eyes (34%) showed steady improvement of visual acuity and macular thickness in during the follow up period. Out of 17 eyes, 15 eyes underwent additional laser photocoagulation before or after injection. Significant elevation of IOP developed in 5 eyes (10%). Cataract progressed in 7 phakic eyes (14%) required operation.

Additional treatments such as laser photocoagualtion appear to enhance the duration of efficacy in intrvitreal triamcinolone for macular edema.