To compare the clinical features according to the presence of anisometropia in refractive accommodative esotropia patients.

Forty-five refractive accommodative esotropia patients were divided into 2 groups : patients who had anisometropia of more than 1.00D (anisometropia group), and patients who had anisometropia of less than 1.00D (isometropia group). Age at onset, age when glasses were first worn, the initial and final angle of esotropia with or without hyperopic correction, the recovery time to orthophoria after hyperopic correction, the degree of stereoacuity and the frequency of amblyopia, the prevalence of deterioration, and the ratio of accommodative-convergence to accommodation were retrospectively reviewed.

There were no statistical differences between the 2 groups in the frequency of amblyopia, the prevalence of deterioration, and the ratio of accommodative-convergence to accommodation at the initial and final visit. The angles of deviation with hyperopic correction at the 1-month follow-up visit in the anisometropia group and the isometropia group were 8.80 ± 5.63 PD for near, 8.67 ± 5.42 PD for distance, and 4.54 ± 6.59 PD for near 5.19 ± 6.7 PD for distance, respectively; the difference was statistically significant ( p = 0.042). The recovery time to orthophoria after hyperopic correction in patients associated with anisometropia was 2.20 ± 1.01 months, significantly longer than 1.47 ± 0.86 months in patients associated with isometropia ( p = 0.017).

In refractive accommodative esotropia patients associated with anisometropia, the recovery time to orthophoria after hyperopic correction was significantly prolonged but there were no statistical differences in other clinical manifestations.