Gingival recession is exposure of the root surface with apical shift in the position of gingiva. The incidence of gingival recession is 8% in children and 100% after the age of 50. Recession tends to be found in patients with healthy gingiva, but more frequentely found in patients with periodontal disease, and it often causes mucogingival defects. Buccal surface of premolar is the area not only for severe gingival recession and cervical abrasion, but also the area of numbers of buccal frenum and less keratinized gingiva. Therefore, the goal of this study was to observe the patients with periodontitis and examine whether there are clinical relations between gingival recession and cervical abrasion of premolar and other factors related with the condition of periodontal health.

Generally healthy 218 patients who had periodontal disease such as gingivitis and periodontitis, aged between 18 and 78, were examined for depth of periodontal poket, width of attached gingiva, gingival recession, cervical abrasion, and frenum of mid-buccal surface of premolar at the Department of Periodontics in Dankook University Dental Hospital and following is the result.

The average gingival recession and cervical abrasion of premolar with periodontal disease was 0.76mm and 0.29mm and each has 43% and 14% of incidence. Also the width of attached gingiva of mid-buccal surface was 1.77mm. The average periodontal pocket depth is 2.0mm and 47% of frenum were related. The frenum more frequently seen was narrow single shaped frenum, and the interdistance of the frenum was mostly over 4mm.

With statistical significance(P<0.05), the incidence of gingival recession increased with age and was related much more with female than male, the first premolar than the second premolar, and with narrow attached gingiva and frenum.

With statistical significance(P<0.05), the incidence of cervical abrasion increased with age and was related with the area of the first premolar and narrow attached gingiva, but the sexual and frenum differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05).

The severity of gingival recession increased with age and was more related with female than male, the first premolar than the second premolar. And the area of narrow attached gingiva and frenum showed more gingival recession and the distance of frenum was more highly related than shape, and they were statistically significant (P<0.05).

With statistical significance(P<0.05), the severity of cervical abrasion increase with age and was observed at the first premolar and narrow attached gingiva. But the sexual and frenum differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05).