Bone morphogenetic proteins have been shown to possess significant osteoinSductive potential, but in order to take advantage of this effect for tissue engineering, carrier systems are essential. Successful carrier systems must enable vascular and cellular invasion, allowing BMP to act as a differentiation factor. The carrier should be reproducible, non-immunogenic, moldable, and space-providing, to define the contours of the resulting bone. The purpose of this study was to review available literature, in comparing various carriers of BMP on rat calvarial defect model. The following conclusions were deduced.

1. Bone regeneration of ACS/BMP, β-TCP/BMP, FFSS/BMP, FFSS/β-TCP/BMP, MBCP/BMP group were significantly greater than the control groups.

2. Bone density in the ACS/BMP group was greater than that in β-TCP, FFSS, FFSS/β-TCP carrier group.

3. Bone regeneration in FFSS/BMP group was less than in ACS/BMP, β-TCP/BMP, MBCP/BMP group. However, New bone area of FFSS/β-TCP/BMP carrier group were more greater than that of FFSS/BMP group.

ACS, β-TCP, FFSS, FFSS/β-TCP, MBCP were used for carrier of BMP. However, an ideal carrier which was reproducible, non-immunogenic, moldable, and space-providing did not exist. Therefore, further investigation are required in developing a new carrier system.