摘要：Figures See all figures Authors Séverine Kirchner , Jean-François Arenes , Christian Cochet , Mickael Derbez , Cédric Duboudin , Patrick Elias , Anthony Gregoire , Béatrice Jédor , Jean-Paul Lucas , Nathalie Pasquier , Michèle Pigneret , Olivier Ramalho Centre scientifique et technique du bâtiment (CSTB), 84, avenue Jean Jaurès, 77447 Champs-sur-Marne cedex 02, Agence française de sécurité sanitaire de l’environnement et du travail (Afsset), 253, avenue du général Leclerc, 94700 Maisons-Alfort Key words: air pollution, indoor, allergens, carbon monoxide, housing, organic chemicals DOI : 10.1684/ers.2007.0096 Page(s) : 259-69 Published in: 2007 The Observatory on Indoor Air Quality (OQAI), established jointly by several French ministries and several other official agencies, is intended to set up a permanent system of data collection on pollutants in various indoor environments (including dwellings, schools, offices, and premises for leisure activities). Accordingly, in 2003, OQAI undertook an initial nationwide survey of French homes to inventory indoor air quality in this setting. This study, completed in 2005, collected a rich set of data about 567 dwellings (1,612 individuals questioned), representative of the 24 million dwellings in France (excluding overseas territories and districts and Corsica). This snapshot of indoor pollution, the first available reference on indoor air quality in French homes, focused on more than 30 variables (chemical, biological and physical), measuring them over a one-week period in several rooms of each home, in attached garages and outside. The first results show differences between indoors and outdoors, with some concentrations of some pollutants higher indoors or not even found outdoors. Most of the target compounds were found in most of the dwellings surveyed. These findings demonstrate the large number of potential sources of indoor pollution (building materials, fittings, furniture, household cleaning products, human activity, outdoor environment, etc.) and of ventilation conditions. Pollution in homes is not homogeneous, however. Distributions of homes according to the concentration of given pollutants were very often asymmetric: some homes had indoor pollutant concentrations much higher than the median concentrations observed. Approximately one dwelling in 10 had simultaneous high concentrations of several volatile organic compounds (VOC), while inversely 45% of dwellings had low concentrations of all target VOCs. Attached garages had higher VOC levels than the dwellings themselves. Finally, house dust mites constitute the most frequent source of allergens.
