期刊名称：Science et changements planétaires / Sécheresse
印刷版ISSN：1147-7806
电子版ISSN：1777-5922
出版年度：2009
卷号：20
期号：1
页码：66-77
DOI：10.1684/sec.2009.0165
出版社：John Libbey Eurotext
摘要：Figures See all figures Authors Taoufik Hermassi , Jean-Marie Lamachère , Slah Nasri , Hamadi Habaieb Institut national de recherche en génie rural, eaux et forêt BP 10 2080 Ariana Tunisie, Institut de recherche pour le développement Rabat 15, rue Abou-Derr BP 8967 10000 Rabat-Agdal Maroc, Institut national agronomique de Tunisie 43, avenue Charles-Nicolle 1082 Tunis-Mahrajène Tunisie Key words: hydrographic network, hydrological modeling, semi-arid zone DOI : 10.1684/sec.2009.0165 Page(s) : 66-77 Published in: 2009 The purpose of this article is to assess the impact of the hydrographic network on simulated flows using a distributed physical hydrological model in a semi-arid zone. For this work, we implemented a hydrological model on the small-cultivated catchment area of Fidh-Ali located in the central part of Tunisia. We used the Green and Ampt equation as a production function as it is well adapted to runoff and infiltration conditions in a semi-arid zone and the kinematic wave equation as a transfer function. The model makes it possible to separate the catchment area into homogeneous hydrological trapezoidal panels. In order to improve flow simulation, we individualized the watercourses in rectangular panels with the principal topographic characteristics of the Fidh-Ali wadi streambed and its principal effluents. The calibration and validation of the hydrological model were carried out for soil surface conditions favourable to runoff before autumn ploughing. A water balance model makes it possible to determine the initial soil moisture before each period of rainfall. Taking the hydrographic network into consideration through a simplified representation in a physical semi distributed model such as the "abc" model based on calibration of maximum discharge improves the Nash criterion from 0.8 to 0.95 and the estimation of runoff volume by 30%. The profit is thus significant, in spite of the other sources of inaccuracy relative to the limited knowledge of rainfall space distribution and the estimation of the observed maximum discharge, known with 5% accuracy for the Fidh-Ali catchment area.
关键词：hydrographic network; hydrological modeling; semi-arid zone
