期刊名称：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
印刷版ISSN：0027-8424
电子版ISSN：1091-6490
出版年度：2015
卷号：112
期号：4
页码：E371-E379
DOI：10.1073/pnas.1423670112
语种：English
出版社：The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
摘要：SignificanceAMPA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) are the primary means through which the CNS carries out rapid, excitatory postsynaptic signaling. Members of the transmembrane AMPAR regulatory protein (TARP) family of AMPAR auxiliary proteins are essential for the localization and function of AMPARs. Yet TARP family members differ in the ways in which they regulate AMPAR function. Much is known about the function of "typical" TARPs such as {gamma}-2, but little about "atypical" TARPs such as {gamma}-7. Using the cerebellar cortex as a model system, in which well-defined neuronal cell types exhibit differential expression of both {gamma}-2 and {gamma}-7, we examined the relative roles of these two TARP family members in both excitatory synaptic transmission and motor behavior related to cerebellar function. Transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory proteins (TARPs) play an essential role in excitatory synaptic transmission throughout the central nervous system (CNS) and exhibit subtype-specific effects on AMPA receptor (AMPAR) trafficking, gating, and pharmacology. The function of TARPs has largely been determined through work on canonical type I TARPs such as stargazin (TARP {gamma}-2), absent in the ataxic stargazer mouse. Little is known about the function of atypical type II TARPs, such as TARP {gamma}-7, which exhibits variable effects on AMPAR function. Because {gamma}-2 and {gamma}-7 are both strongly expressed in multiple cell types in the cerebellum, we examined the relative contribution of {gamma}-2 and {gamma}-7 to both synaptic transmission in the cerebellum and motor behavior by using both the stargazer mouse and a {gamma}-7 knockout (KO) mouse. We found that the loss of {gamma}-7 alone had little effect on climbing fiber (cf) responses in Purkinje neurons (PCs), yet the additional loss of {gamma}-2 all but abolished cf responses. In contrast, {gamma}-7 failed to make a significant contribution to excitatory transmission in stellate cells and granule cells. In addition, we generated a PC-specific deletion of {gamma}-2, with and without {gamma}-7 KO background, to examine the relative contribution of {gamma}-2 and {gamma}-7 to PC-dependent motor behavior. Selective deletion of {gamma}-2 in PCs had little effect on motor behavior, yet the additional loss of {gamma}-7 resulted in a severe disruption in motor behavior. Thus, {gamma}-7 is capable of supporting a component of excitatory transmission in PCs, sufficient to maintain essentially normal motor behavior, in the absence of {gamma}-2.
