摘要：Shugart et Carey croient que les démocraties présidentielles où les législateurs ont une conception restreinte de la représentation politique sont inefficaces dun point de vue électoral car elles noffrent pas aux électeurs de possibilités de choix faciles à reconnaître parmi des politiques à léchelon national. Ces démocraties sont régies par un secret inefficace, cest-à-dire une conception de la dynamique politique indépendante dun parti. ...
其他摘要：Shugart and Carey posit that presidential democracies in which legislators have a parochial focus of representation are electorally inefficient because voters are not offered highly identifiable choices on national policies. Such systems are driven by an inefficient secret, which is essentially a nonpartisan representation of the policy process. To check the propositions of the inefficient secret model (ISM), this article investigates the aggregation level, effect, and subject of Brazilian deputies legislative input and output. Our empirical analysis indicates that, although some ISM-related factors drive legislative output, there is partisanship in deputies legislative input. This result means that the ISM underestimates the prospects for programmatic parties (especially in the opposition) to emerge within systems where the electoral and constitutional rules encourage particularism.
