其他摘要：Despite an extensive technical bibliography about soccer goalkeepers, this position has been somewhat neglected by scientific literature. Observational studies need to expand indices of performance beyond frequencies of occurrence to be able to accurately represent the performances being observed. The analysis for pattern detection in the most critical or representative game actions, tend to be more profitable than adding more quantitative data. To analyse temporal patterns in goalkeeper behaviour in the defensive process were the main purposes of this study. The focus of the research was the binomial attempt to score/GK, and GK actions in the defensive process (DF). This study observational design was multidimensional, nomothetic and sequential. The sample was formed on 47 games of the Korea/Japan 2002 FIFA World Cup, corresponding to 1150 DP coded to temporal pattern analysis with THEME 5.0. The GK behaviour was coded through an observational instrument - SOFGr1 and the reliability analysis of this instrument revealed high Cohen¿s K (values above 0.975 for all criteria). Four complete t-patterns were detected: i) one in indirect free kick; ii) two in cross plays and; iii) one in shot play score attempt. These four patterns consist in the same GK behaviour. The GK performs with maximum intensity, intercepting the ball in zone L8, blocking it with two hands, and holding the ball at the first contact (no goal scored). The reduced number of complete t-patterns indicates that goalkeeper behaviour in the defensive process is characterized by non-linearity and unpredictability. The results of this study also reveal incomplete t-patterns in corners and indirect free kicks; the ball, in both situations, has a high trajectory and do not change the course allowing the GK enough time to anticipate and prevent the shot.
关键词：Observational methodology; T-pattern; goalkeeper; world cup
