摘要：El objetivo de este trabajo es estimar el impacto económico de los desórdenes de la ansiedad en el año 2002. Para ello se estimarán tanto los costes sanitarios (hospitalizaciones, consultas a especialista, consultas a Atención Primaria y medicamentos) como las pérdidas de productividad laboral, empleando el método del capital humano, ocasionadas por mortalidad prematura, bajas permanentes y bajas temporales. Los costes estimados ascendieron a 789,4 millones de euros, de los cuales un 46,7% son imputables a costes sanitarios y el 53,3% restante a pérdidas de productividad laboral. Los costes sanitarios representan un 1% aproximadamente del gasto sanitario total del Sistema Nacional de Salud. Pese a aplicar métodos conservadores, se obtiene unas cifras muy elevadas de coste, lo cual ayuda a definir la dimensión del problema. El siguiente paso sería la evaluación de intervenciones sanitarias con una buena relación coste-efectividad y su aplicación en la población de riesgo.
其他摘要：The main objective is the evaluation of the economic impact of anxiety-related direct and indirect costs in Spain for the year 2002. Direct medical costs (hospitalization costs, costs associated with outpatient consultations, and drugs) and indirect costs (premature death, temporary disability, and per- manent disability) have been estimated based on prevalence costs, that is, the costs generated during the year 2002. Indirect costs have been calculated on the basis of the Human Capital Theory model. The annual total costs of anxiety in Spain were estimated at 789.4 million euros. Direct medical costs were estimated at 369 million euros and account for 46.7% of the total cost. Indirect costs were estimated at 420.4 million euros and represent 53.3% of the total cost. Direct medical costs associated with anxiety represent 1% of all National Health Care System expenditure for the year 2002 in Spain.Despite having applied a conservative approach, the high socioeconomic cost of anxiety offers us a better definition of the magnitude of the problem in order to establish priorities, as well as opening the way towards cost- effectiveness studies that will enable us to debate this issue with greater transparency.
关键词：Anxiety; Cost of illness; Health Care costs; Indirect Costs; Mental Illness;Ansiedad; Coste de la enfermedad; Costes sanitarios; Costes indirectos; Enfermedades mentales
