出版社：Asociación Latinoamericana de Profesores de Medicina Familiar A.C.
摘要：Objetivo: Identificar las creencias sobre su enfermedad, habitos de alimentacion, actividad fisica y tratamiento de pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Diseño: Estudio cualitativo, exploratorio y descriptivo. Material y Métodos: Entre los meses de Septiembre a Noviembre de 2004, mediante muestreo por conveniencia se aplico una entrevista no estructurada a personas diabeticas por medio de grupos focales. Los datos fueron sometidos a analisis cualitativo y descriptivo. Resultados: Se entrevisto a 60 personas, con edad promedio de 60 }11 anos, 36 (60%) sexo femenino y 24 (40%) sexo masculino. Consideran a la DM2 como "una enfermedad que les causa una gran carga emocional y los dirige a un destino inevitable de complicaciones fatales", reconocen como el principal factor etiologico al "susto o coraje", predomina la idea de una ¿dieta de castigo¿, consideran los beneficios del ejercicio, sin embargo no lo realizan. Automodifican el tratamiento medico y lo complementan con herbolaria. Atribuyen a la insulina como causa de la ceguera en los diabeticos. Son concientes de que su descontrol glicemico se debe a trasgresion en el plan alimentario no obstante persisten en las trasgresiones. Se detecto poco interes por el autocuidado. Conclusiones: Es necesario tener la "evidencia" de los actos y rutinas de los pacientes para poder corregir conductas que llevan a resultados desfavorables.
其他摘要：Objective: Our aim was to identify the beliefs patients associated with their disease, eating habits, physical activity, and treatment in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Design: We conducted a qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive study. Materials and Methods: Between the months of September and November 2004, we applied our nonstructured interview to patients with DM2 by focus group and submitted the data to qualitative and descriptive analysis. Results: We interviewed 60 persons with an average age of 60 } 11 years, including 36 (60%) females and 24 (40%) males. DM2 is considered "... a disease that causes a great emotional burden and one that leads to an inevitable destiny of fatal complications." The main etiological factor is recognized as "fright or courage", the idea predominates of a "punishment diet", and the benefits of exercise are considered; nonetheless, these are not carried out. Patients selfmodify their medical treatment and complement this with herbal medicine. To insulin is attributed the cause of blindness in persons with diabetes. These individuals are aware that their lack of glycemic control is due to transgressions in their eating plans, but nonetheless persist in these transgressions. Little patient interest was detected in self-care. Conclusions: It is necessary to have "evidence" of patient actions and routines in order to correct patient behaviors that lead to unfavorable results.
关键词：Autocuidado; diabetes mellitus; atencion primaria;Self care; diabetes mellitus; primary care
